Acne is a disease of pilosebaceous units in the skin. And 'thought to be caused by the interaction of four
The analysis of pimples is based on history and physical evaluation. The lesions on the skin most generally create in areas with the greatest attention of sebaceous glands, such as the face, throat, chest area, hands and back. Acne vulgaris can be identified as any problem of the skin whose initial pathology is the minute microcomedo.
The microcomedo can evolve into visible open comedones ("points blacks") or closed comedones ("pimples"). Subsequently, inflammatory papules, pustules and nodules may develop. Nodulocystic acne consists of pustular lesions greater than 0.5 cm. The presence of bruises,
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, and scars should be noted. Acne can be triggered, or worsened by external factors like the mechanic obstruction, occupational exposures, or drugs. Cosmetics and emollients may occlude follicles and cause acne form eruption. Topical corticosteroids can produce perioral dermatitis, a localized erythematous papular or pustular eruption. Endocrine causes of acne include Cushing's disease or syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Clinical signs of hyperandrogenism in women can include dysmenorrhea, virilization, and severe acne.
Classification In 1990, the American Academy of Dermatology developed a classification scheme for primary acne vulgaris. This rating scale outlines three levels of acne: mild, moderate and severe. Mild acne is characterized by the presence of a few to several papules and pustules but no nodules. Patients with moderate acne papules and pustules have more too, along with a couple of different nodules. With severe acne, many patients have papules and pustules, or extended, as well as many nodules.
Acne is classified by type of injury comedonal, papulopustular, and nodulocystic. Pustules and cysts are considered inflammatory acne. Selection of topical therapy should be based on the severity and type of acne. Topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide and azelaic acid are effective treatments for mild acne. Topical antibiotics and drugs with bacteriostatic properties and anti-inflammatory drugs are effective for treating mild to moderate inflammatory acne. Proper selection of topical formulations may decrease the side effects and increase patient compliance. Fortunately, most acne medications are available in different forms.
Topical antibiotics These agents are another mainstay of treatment of acne. Topical antibiotics are commonly used in combination with retinoids or benzoyl peroxide in patients with any degree of inflammatory acne. These drugs are usually applied once or twice a day.
